![]() On March 9, 2011, it touched down after its final flight. After modifications, it flew the first Space Shuttle mission of the post- Challenger era on Sept. 30, 1984, it deployed three communications satellites. The third shuttle, the Discovery (OV 103), had arrived at Kennedy Space Center in November 1983. 28, 1986, the Challenger and its seven-member crew were lost 73 seconds after launch. It joined the NASA fleet in July 1982, flew nine successful missions, made 987 orbits and spent 69 days in space. The Challenger (OV-99) was the second Orbiter to become operational at Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The program was then suspended until Space Shuttle Discovery returned to flight on July 28, 2005. 1, 2003, when the vehicle broke up over Texas during reentry from orbit. The Columbia and its seven astronauts were lost Feb. ![]() During its 27 flights between 19, the Columbia's achievements included the first launch of satellites from a Space Shuttle, the first flight of the European-built scientific workshop called Spacelab and servicing the Hubble Space Telescope. On April 12, 1981, the Columbia was the first Space Shuttle to fly into orbit. Its legacy of information was incorporated into the next shuttle, the Columbia (OV-102). The tests showed that the Orbiter could fly in the atmosphere and land like an airplane. 26, 1977, it used a Boeing 747, modified as a shuttle carrier aircraft, to take it to the upper atmosphere for the approach and landing test program. The first test shuttle, the Enterprise, rolled out Sept. On July 26, 1972, North American Rockwell (which became Rockwell International in 1973) won a $2.6 billion contract to build the Space Shuttle Orbiter, designated OV-101 (orbiter vehicle 101). During its 30 years of service, 355 people from 16 countries flew 852 times aboard the shuttles. It launched, recovered and repaired satellites and hosted more than 2,000 scientific experiments. The Orbiter-the world’s first reusable spacecraft-supported humanity’s most challenging engineering project, the International Space Station (ISS). The Space Shuttle Orbiter became a Boeing program in 1996, when the company purchased Rockwell International's aerospace and defense assets.
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